Gene expression

DNA is not directly used as a matrix protein synthesis, there is an intermediate molecule (RNA) betwween the DNA sequence - information unit - and the protein. Therefore, there is a permanent genetic information flow within the cell. The biological molecules which contains the genetic information are nucleic acids made of nucleotide polymers
Stuctures and nomenclature of nucleotides, nucleic acids are composed of monophosphate nucleotides. A phosphoric acid esterifies the alcohol group of the 5' carbon of the sugar. The phosphate is bound to ribose (or deoxyribose) through an ester link (phosphoester).